[[http://tmade.de|Home tmade.de]]

[[http://wiki.tmade.de|Home Wiki]]

===== Commands =====

==== Misc ====
  watch                              #Refresh any command (e.g "watch ls -al")
  sfdisk -R /dev/xxx                 #Reload Kernel Partitiontable
  strace -p PID                      #Debug System Prozesses
  info                               #Shows system command overview
  cat /proc/filesystems              #Shows supported filesystems
  ls -l /dev/disk/by-path/
  ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/
  ls -l /dev/disk/by-label/
  cat /dev/debug                     #Debug output for devices
  tload                              #Overview Systemload (like top)
  vmstat                             #Show I/O (vmstat 1 = 1-sec. update)
  hwinfo --gfxcard                   #Graficcard info
  hwinfo --help                      #Display options about hardware info
  glxinfo | grep direct              #Display info about a GLX extension and OpenGL renderer
  file                               #Show file information
  dos2unix                           #Change file format from dos to unix
  command1 && command2               #Command2 is only executed if command1 completed without errors
  command1 || command2               #Command2 is only executed if command1 completed with an error
  kdesu kwrite /path/to/file         #Open kwrite as superuser
  env                                #Show Environment Variables
  env | grep -i _proxy= | sort
  locale                             #Show language settings (german: LANG="de_DE.UTF-8", english: LANG="en_US.UTF-8", change: export LANG="en_US.UTF-8")
  echo "" > file                     #Empty file on the fly (delete big log files without interruption)
  loadkeys de                        #Set keyboardlayout to german keyboard
  date +%T -s "10:13:13"             #Set time
  date +'%H%M%S%N'                   #Get date for a timestamp (e.g."104304330764740") with milliseconds at the end
  du -a / | sort -n -r | head -n 30  #Find 30 biggest files in /
  du -mx / | sort -rn -k1 | head                                                                                 #Stay on filesystem for mount "/" and show usage sorted by size  
  find -P /  -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 ! -fstype nfs  ! -type l | xargs  du -xsm |  awk '{print $1"\t"$2 ;s+=$1} END {print "SUM:\t"s}'                                     
  for i in /var/*; do echo $i; find $i |wc -l; done                                                              #count i-nodes in "/var"
  du -h  $(ls) > /root/size                                                                                      #Pipe each file in actual folder + cumulated filesize into file "size"
  du -h | sort -n > filesize                                                                                     #Pipe filesize incremental sorted into file "filesize"
  top / ps :
  ps afwwwwxo user,pid,%cpu,%mem,vsz,rss,wchan=WIDE-WCHAN-COLUMN,stat,start,cputime,comm
  ps faxw
  ps -ef | grep servicename
  for t in files links directories; do echo `find . -type ${t:0:1} | wc -l` $t; done 2> /dev/null                #Check how many files, symlinks and folders in a directory (recursive)
  for t in files links directories; do echo `find . -maxdepth 1 -type ${t:0:1} | wc -l` $t; done 2> /dev/null    #Check how many files, symlinks and folders in a directory (not recursive)
  grep "^[^#;]" test.conf                                                                                        #Showing just lines beginning without "#" from file test.conf
  p3=$(/bin/ps -ef |grep  "searchstring" |grep -v grep |rev |cut -d " " -f 1 |rev)
  p1=$(ps -C process_name -o cmd |grep "searchstring")
  w3m http://hostname/repo
  wget --backups=1 https://domain.com
  ifconfig -a | awk '/inet 10/{print $2}'
  awk -F: /my-user/'{print $3}' /etc/passwd                                                                      #getting uid of user "my-user"
  cp -a $(ls /var/log/nginx/*access.log.* | grep -E 'access\.log\.[1-3](\.gz)?$') /mnt/serverlogs/lb-web/

systemrescources/ performance:
  tload                 #systemload
  ps -ef                #show current process
  top                   #mit F umschalten, dann z.B. "n" für memory utilization
  vmstat 1              #activity of swap memory - aktualisierung sekundenweise)
  free                  #show current utilization of physical and swap memory
  iostat                #package "sysstat" required
  iostat -x 1 /dev/hda  #sekuendliche aktualisierung von /dev/hda
  ksysguard             #taskmanager linux (package kdebase3)

==== Who's logged in ====
  finger
  who
  last

==== System Message ====
To all logged in users:

  echo "SYSTEM BEING SHUT DOWN IN 5 MINUTES" | wall
  
==== Argument list too long ====

Various trouble-shooting options:

=== setfacl ===
  for i in `find -name "*.gz"` ; do setfacl -m g:groupname:rw- $i; done

=== tar ===
  find . -name "*.log" -print > ./allfiles && find . -name "*.gz" -print >> ./allfiles && find . -name "*.tgz" -print >> ./allfiles
  tar -czf `date +%A`.tgz --files-from ./allfiles

Without temp file (allfiles):
  find . -name "*.log" |tar czf `date +%A`.tgz -–files-from -

=== rm ===

  find . -name "*.gz" | xargs /bin/rm