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===== Network =====
==== Configure ====
Netzwerk/ IP change (opensuse /SLES):
/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth0
=== Commandline Configuration ===
Temporary networking modification via ifconfig/ route:
ifconfig eth0 172.22.49.127 netmask 255.255.255.0
ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.0.5 netmask 255.255.255.0 #add temporary a 2nd ip-adress
ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.0.6 netmask 255.255.255.0 #add temporary a 3nd ip-adress
route add default gw 172.22.49.2
route del default gw 192.168.1.1 netmask 0.0.0.0
route add -host hostname.domain gw 192.168.1.1
route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0
route add -net 192.168.30.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.30.2
route add -host 192.168.0.1 dev ippp0
route del -host 192.168.0.1
route add default gw 192.168.0.1
==="ip" command===
ip a #show running interface(s) configuration
ip addr add 10.0.2.15/24 dev enp0s3 #temporary set ip to interface "enp0s3"
sudo ip link set enp0s3 down #interface "enp0s3" down
sudo ip link set enp0s3 up #interface "enp0s3" up
sudo ip route add default via 10.0.2.2 #temporary set default gateway
===Config===
=== Commandline Configuration IP command ===
ip address show #like ifconfig
ifconfig etho 192.168.63.73 netmask 255.255.255.0
ip addr list dev eth0 #list all IP´s for eth0 - also virtual ones!!
Example:
ip address add 192.168.63.73/24 brd + dev eth0
Config will be saved to:
/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth0
=== Example(dhcp) ===
BOOTPROTO='dhcp' #or static
BROADCAST=''
ETHTOOL_OPTIONS=''
IPADDR='' #assigned if static e.g. 10.6.7.203
MTU=''
NAME='AMD PCnet - Fast 79C971'
NETMASK=''
NETWORK=''
REMOTE_IPADDR=''
STARTMODE='auto'
UNIQUE='rBUF.weGuQ9ywYPF'
USERCONTROL='no'
_nm_name='bus-pci-0000:02:01.0'
=== Example(static IP) ===
BOOTPROTO='static'
BROADCAST=''
ETHTOOL_OPTIONS=''
IPADDR='10.6.7.203'
MTU=''
NAME='AMD PCnet - Fast 79C971'
NETMASK='255.255.255.0'
NETWORK=''
REMOTE_IPADDR=''
STARTMODE='auto'
UNIQUE='rBUF.weGuQ9ywYPF'
USERCONTROL='no'
_nm_name='bus-pci-0000:02:01.0'
=== Additional IP Example ===
BOOTPROTO='dhcp'
BROADCAST=''
ETHTOOL_OPTIONS=''
IPADDR=''
MTU=''
NAME='AMD PCnet - Fast 79C971'
NETMASK=''
NETWORK=''
REMOTE_IPADDR=''
STARTMODE='auto'
UNIQUE='rBUF.weGuQ9ywYPF'
USERCONTROL='no'
_nm_name='bus-pci-0000:02:01.0'
IPADDR_tomaddip='10.6.7.220'
NETMASK_tomaddip='255.255.255.0'
LABEL_tomaddip='tomaddip'
=== Configuration network interface in SLES ===
This file contains the network interfaces and their assigned MAC adresses
/etc/udev/rules.d/30-net_persistent_names.rules
or
/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
=== Route ===
To change the default route permanently edit "/etc/sysconfig/network/routes" such as:
default 192.168.63.1 - -
=== RHEL ===
Edit on command line the file /etc/sysconfig/network as follows:
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=yes
HOSTNAME=wan.nixcraft.in
GATEWAY=74.86.49.129
Additionally edit /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:
# Intel Corporation 82573E Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper)
DEVICE="eth0"
BOOTPROTO="static"
HWADDR="00:30:48:56:A6:2E"
NM_CONTROLLED="yes"
ONBOOT="yes"
TYPE="Ethernet"
IPADDR=192.168.1.2
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
=== Ubuntu ===
The following config (/etc/network/interfaces) shows a bonding interface (eth0, eth2) and a third networkdevice configuration (eth1):
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
auto bond0
iface bond0 inet static
address 192.168.64.127
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.64.0
broadcast 192.168.64.255
gateway 192.168.64.1
# dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
dns-nameservers 192.168.63.4 192.168.63.8
dns-search my-domain.local
#slaves eth0 eth2
#bond_mode 0
#bond_miimon 100
#bond_updelay 200
#bond_downdelay 200
post-up ifenslave bond0 eth0 eth2
pre-down ifenslave -d bond0 eth0 eth2
#iSCSI Network Interface
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.254.55
netmask 255.255.254.0
network 192.168.254.0
broadcast 192.168.254.255
# gateway 192.168.254.1
# dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
DHCP:
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
==== Test ====
=== Ethtool ===
ethtool eth0 #Show specifications of device "eth0"
ethtool -t eth0
ethtool -i eth0
See also:
http://www.nwlab.net/tutorials/ethtool/ethtool.html
=== Tcpdump ===
tcpdump -i eth0
tcpdump -niany
tcpdump -i eth0 -s 65535 -w tracefile #Create dump, which can be imported in wireshark
tcpdump -i eth0:0 -s 65535 -w tracefile.`date +%d.%m.%Y.%H.%M.%S`
tcpdump -i eth1 -s 84 -w tracefile.`date +%d.%m.%Y.%H.%M.%S` #dump just header files
tcpdump -i eth1 -qtln icmp
=== IPERF ===
Start server:
(chmod +x iperf)
./iperf -s
Client:
iperf.exe -c 192.168.xxx.xxx -i5 -t 300
iperf3.exe -c 192.168.20.2 -i5 -t300
=== Telnet ===
Telnet is a very good tool to test open ports.
telnet localhost 25
telnet IP 25
telnet 192.168.0.20 25
echo quit | telnet 192.168.1.1 22 | grep –i connected
If there´s no telnet:
nc -zv 192.168.0.20 25
Or:
echo >/dev/tcp/localhost/25
echo >/dev/tcp/192.168.0.20/25
=== Mails with telnet ===
ehlo testmail.org (Identify and demand SMTP-Modus)
mail from: (Sender)
rcpt to: (Receiver)
data (Enable to write an EMail)
. (Terminate insert-Mode)
quit (Terminate session)
Tip:
reset (enables to send additionally emails)
===curl===
curl -v -H "Host: my-server.mydomain.com" 127.0.0.1:8443 #test connectivity locally on host to simulate external access
curl -X GET https://my-domain.de:6443 #check if port is open
curl --noproxy "*" http://localhost:8080 #check if port is open
=== jmeter (performance tests) ===
=== General ===
NLB #Network Load Balancing
LACP #Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)
STACKING #Join logical switches over a special connection (high speed) to one switch with more ports