===== Overview =====
[[http://tmade.de|Home tmade.de]]

[[http://wiki.tmade.de|Home Wiki]]
===== Postfix =====

==== Set Sender ====

Add the following line to "/etc/postfix/main.cf":

  sender_canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sender_canonical

Create "/etc/postfix/sender_canonical" with following content:

  user user@domain.com
  user email.adress@gmx.net
  www-data mail@example.com
  root email.adress@gmx.net

**Note:** The "domain" (and the local user on the system) in the adress **MUST** exist!! If not - depending on the config from the receiver - the mail will be rejected.

Create Postfix database:

  postmap /etc/postfix/sender_canonical
  
Restart Postfix:

  /etc/init.d/postfix restart  

====generic=====
If you run a postfix host without a signed domain such as "localdomain.local" you can't send mails. Therefore you need a "generic mapping":
  
Content file "/etc/postfix/generic":

  myaccount@myserver mymailadresse@domain.net

Execute:

  postmap /etc/postfix/generic
  
====sasl_password====

Content "/etc/postfix/sasl_password":

  mail.domain.net myuser@domain.net:my-strong-secret

Execute:

  postmap hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_password
  

====main.cf====

/etc/postfix/main.cf "satellite" example:

<code>
# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version


# Debian specific:  Specifying a file name will cause the first
# line of that file to be used as the name.  The Debian default
# is /etc/mailname.
#myorigin = /etc/mailname

smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
biff = no

# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no

# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h

readme_directory = no

# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
smtpd_use_tls=yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache

# See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for
# information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.

smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated defer_unauth_destination
myhostname = test.local
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
mydestination = $myhostname, dev.local, localhost.local, localhost
relayhost = mail.test.net:587
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128, 10.0.0.0/24
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = loopback-only
inet_protocols = all

# required if you want to send mails to a mailprovider
sender_canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sender_canonical
smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic

smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_password
smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
#smtp_tls_security_level = encrypt
</code>

  
==== Transport ====

  /etc/postfix/transport                     #The optional transport table specifies a mapping from email addresses to message delivery transports and next-hop destinations
  postmap /etc/postfix/transport             #To rebuild an indexed file after changing the corresponding transport table
  
==== Commands ====
Check mail/ mail content by executing "mailq" or "postqueue -p":

  mailq
<code>
-Queue ID- --Size-- ----Arrival Time---- -Sender/Recipient-------
DB3207206C      465 Thu Mar 23 14:37:38  test@testmail.org
                   (connect to 127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024: Connection refused)
                                         test_receiver@linux.de
</code>
then:
  postcat -q DB3207206C
  
Check postfix-config:
  postconf -n
or
  cat /etc/postfix/main.cf
  
==== Postfix & DNS ====
To set Postfix (/etc/postfix/main.cf) to resolv DNS set

  smtp_host_lookup = DNS
  
To set Postfix to listen on /etc/hosts set

  smtp_host_lookup = native 
  
==== Logging ====

Logfiles are into

  /var/log/mail
or
  /var/log/mail.log
Errors are in 
  mail.warn
or
  mail.err  

==== main.cf ====
  mynetworks = 192.168.1.0/24     #Limit access on Networks
  mynetworks = 192.168.1.5/32     #Limit access on IP
  
==== Usefull commands ====

Commandline:


  mailq | less                             #Read mail-queue 
  mailq | egrep '^--'                      #amount mails in queue
  postsuper -d ALL                         #delete all mails in queue
  postsuper -d ID                          #delete mail by id ("mailq | less" to get the id!)
  postsuper -h ALL                         #all mails on "hold"
  postsuper -h ID                          #mail by id on hold
  postsuper -H ALL                         #release all mails on hold
  postsuper -H ID                          #release mail by id on hold
  postqueue -f                             #deliver immediately if to many mails on hold (flush)
  postsuper -d ALL deferred                #postpone mails to a future time
  newaliases                               #to fix the problem "error: open database /etc/aliases.db: No such file or directory" or recreate aliases.db for postfix



Delete mail by mail-name
<code>
mailq | tail +2 | awk 'BEGIN { RS = "" } / user@domain-example\.com$/ { print $1 }' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d - 
</code>

or
<code>
for i in `mailq | egrep "^[0-9A-F]" | grep 'MAILER-DAEMON' | cut -c1-12 | sed s/\*//g` ; \
    do 
    echo "delete msg: $i" ; 
    postsuper -d $i ; 
    done
</code>

Check:

  mailq
or
   postqueue -p

=== Links ===

http://www.postfix.org/postsuper.1.html

http://www.gentoo.de/doc/de/virt-mail-howto.xml

http://wiki.list.org/display/DOC/MTA+Performance+Tuning+Tips+for+Postfix

http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-blacklist-reject-sender-email-address/